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©formTL
​​Membrane materials, such as PVC-coated polyester, PTFE-coated glass and ETFE, are valued for their lightness and translucency. Although tensile fabrics generally lack thermal and acoustic insulation, they still offer opportunities for creative and innovative applications.

The recent publication of CEN/TS 19102:2023, 'Design of tensioned membrane structures', aims to boost confidence in the analysis and safety of tensioned membranes, thereby strengthening their role in modern architecture.
Iconic masterpieces have been created using tensile structures by renowned architects such as Frei Otto, Anish Kapoor, Kengo Kuma and Zaha Hadid. In the face of urgent sustainability challenges, the potential for reuse and adaptability in design could elevate textile architecture to new heights. There is much to be explored.

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©Ondrej Piry
​​Tensile structures are inherently climate-positive: they require fewer raw materials, can be easily dismantled, and their structural elements can be reused. Adaptive skins can further enhance performance by opening and closing in response to daylight, temperature or wind.

​When coupled with parametric or advanced design tools, tensile structures can be optimised according to multiple criteria.
As well as providing shade, environmentally friendly designs can incorporate energy generation through photovoltaic textiles and water harvesting through canopy surfaces that direct rainwater into pools or cisterns. They can also feature integrated air purification systems.

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©Sbp Andreas Schnubel
​ Projects at the Osaka Expo 2025 showcase such innovations, pointing towards a future of more adaptive and resource-efficient designs. However, if textile architecture is to fulfil its potential as a sustainable, future-ready technology, the industry must accelerate its efforts to develop fully recyclable membranes.
The lightweight nature of tensile systems is a key advantage that should be emphasised. Using less material means consuming fewer resources, which is in line with the urgent need for the construction industry to rethink 'business as usual'.