Publications Prof. Schmid
Patent
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M. Schmid, P. Manley, P. Andrae, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner “Optoelektronisches Bauelementearray mit Lichtleiterstruktur” DE 10 2015 105 630 B4 2019.02.14 |
Peer-reviewed
2025
| DOI | H. Voss, S. Zahedi-Azad, O. C. Ernst, J. Lucaßen, G. Mann, J. Bonse, T. Boeck, J. Martin, M. Schmid, J. Krüger "Chemical vapor deposition of indium precursors for solar micro-absorbers using continuous laser radiation" Applied Physics A 131, 781 (2025), pdf |
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M. Schmid "Heuristic Rule of Thumb for Tandem Solar Cells and Perspectives for the Future" Solar RRL 9, 2500060 (2025), pdf |
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| DOI | K. Jäger, U. Aeberhard, E. Alarcon Llado, B. Bläsi, S. Burger, B. Ehrler, W. Favre, A. Fejfar, T. Gageot, I. Gordon, H. Helmers, O. Höhn, O. Isabella, M. Jošt, M. Ledinský, J. Mandal, P. Manley, D. Muñoz, Z. Omair, J.C. Ortiz Lizcano, U.W. Paetzold, A.P. Raman, H. Sai, R. Saive, M. Schmid, E. Yablonovitch, and C. Becker “Optics for terawatt-scale photovoltaics: review and perspectives” Advances in Optics and Photonics 17, 185 (2025), pdf |
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2024
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T. Koehler, Y. Gao, M. Schmid, “Bifacial and Angular-Resolved Performance Characterization of Ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells Including Nanostructures”, Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research 5, 2400168 (2024), pdf |
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| DOI | M. Schmid, M. Ketharan, J. Lucaßen, I. Kardosh “Sequentially PVD-Grown Indium and Gallium Selenides Under Compositional and Layer Thickness Variation: Preparation, Structural and Optical Characterization” Advanced Materials Interfaces 11, 2301086 (2024), pdf, (supp.info.) |
| DOI | C. Rath, Y. Gao, T. Koehler, M. Schmid “Impact of Band-gap Gradient in Semi-Transparent and Bifacial Ultra-Thin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells” Advanced Materials Interfaces 11, 2400085 (2024), pdf, (supp.info.) |
| DOI | Y. Gao, G. Yin, Y. Li, T. Köhler, I. Kardosh, M. Schmid “An Efficient S and Se Co-Annealing Strategy for Performance Enhancement of Solution-Processed Submicron CuIn(S,Se)2 Solar Cells” IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 14, 246 (2024), pdf |
| DOI | M. Song, P. Fumagalli, M. Schmid “Scanning near-field optical microscopy measurements and simulations of regularly arranged silver nanoparticles” Nanotechnologiy, 35, 065702 (2024), pdf |
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2023
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M. Schmid “Revisiting the definition of solar cell generations” Advanced Optical Materials 11, 2300697 (2023), pdf |
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| DOI | Y. Gao, G. Yin, M. Schmid “Rear Interface Engineering in Solution-Processed Submicron Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 Solar Cells on Transparent Sn:In2O3 Back Contact” Advanced Materials Interfaces 10, 2300566 (2023), pdf |
| DOI | Y. Gao, G. Yin, M. Schmid “Sodium Incorporation for Performance Improvement of Solution-Processed Submicron CuIn(S,Se)2 Thin Film Solar Cells” Small 19, 2302581 (2023), pdf, (supp.info.) |
| DOI | J. Kruip, I. Kardosh, T. Köhler, Y. Gao, M. Schmid “Growth of (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 absorbers under bang gap variation and characterization with a focus on optical spectroscopy” Processes 11 392 (2023), pdf, (supp.info.) |
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2022
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J. Lucaßen, S. Sedaghat, M. Schmid “Realistic multidimensional opto-electrical modeling guide for CIGSe solar cells” Solar RRL (Invited Paper) 1, 2200867 (2022), pdf, (supp.info.) |
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| DOI | Y. Gao, Guanchao Y. Yong Li, T. Köhler, J. Lucaßen, M. Schmid "8.0% Efficient Sub-Micron CuIn(S,Se)2 Solar Cells on Sn:In2O3 Back Contact via a Facile Solution Process" ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 5, 01764 (2022), pdf, (supp.info.) |
| DOI | Y. Li, S.W. Tabernig, G. Yin, A. Polman, and M. Schmid "Beyond Light-Trapping Benefits: The Effect of SiO2 Nanoparticles in Bifacial Semitransparent Ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells" SolarRRL 6, 2200695 (2022), pdf |
| DOI | Y. Li, G. Yin, Y. Tu, S. Sedaghat, Y. Gao, M. Schmid "Utrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells with a Passivated Back Interface: A Comparative Study between Mo and In2O3:Sn Back Contacts" ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 5 (7) 7956 (2022), pdf, (supp. info.) |
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2021
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Y. Li, G. Yin, Y. Gao, T. Köhler, J. Lucaßen, M. Schmid "Sodium control in Ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells on transparent back contact for efficiencies beyond 12%" Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 223, 110969 (2021), pdf |
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| DOI | C. Wang, N. Li, Y. Tu, J. Zhang, M. Schmid, G. Yin "Thermochromic VO₂ films with periodic meshes for smart windows : Analysis of optical properties" Optics Communications 500, 127330 (2021), pdf |
| DOI | Y. Tu, Y. Li, R. Klenk, G. Yin, M. Schmid "Is a passivated back contact always beneficial for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells?" Prog Photovoltaics Res Appl 30, 393 (2021), pdf, (supp.info.) |
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2019
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H. Mönig, M. Schmid “Renewable energy conversion using nano- and microstructured materials” Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology - Editorial 10, 771 (2019), pdf |
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| DOI | G. Yin, M. Song, M. Schmid “Rear point contact structures for performance enhancement of semi-transparent ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 195, 318 (2019), pdf |
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2018
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L. Jia, P. Bogdanoff, M. Schmid, U. Bloeck, S. Fiechter, H. Wang “Reconstruction of solar fuel ultrathin films via periodically microbending for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting” ACS Applied Energy Materials 1, 6748 (2018), pdf |
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| DOI | P. Manley, F.F. Abdi, S. Berglund, A.T.M.N. Islam, S. Burger, R. van de Krol, M. Schmid "Absorption enhancement for ultrathin solar fuel devices with plasmonic gratings" ACS Applied Energy Materials 1, 5810 (2018), pdf |
| DOI | P. Manley, M. Song, S. Burger, M. Schmid "Efficient determination of bespoke optically active nanoparticle distributions" Journal of Optics 20, 085003 (2018), pdf |
| DOI | G. Yin, P. Manley, M. Schmid “Light trapping in ultrathin CuIn1-xGaxSe2 solar cells by dielectric nanoparticles” Solar Energy 163, 443 (2018), pdf |
| DOI | B. Heidmann, S. Andree, S. Levcenko, T. Unold, D. Abou-Ras, N. Schäfer, J. Bonse, J. Krüger, M. Schmid “Fabrication of regularly arranged chalcopyrite micro solar cells via femtosecond laser-induced forward transfer for concentrator application” ACS Applied Energy Materials 1, 27 (2018), pdf |
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2017
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K.M. Czajkowski, M. Schmid “Durable and cost-effective neutral density filters utilizing multiple reflections in glass slide stacks” IEEE Photonics Journal 9, 1 (2017), pdf |
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| DOI | G. Yin, M. Song, W. Raja, P. Andrae, M. Schmid “Experimental identification of unique angular dependent scattering behavior of nanoparticles” Journal of the European Optical Society-Rapid Publications 13:38 (2017), pdf |
| DOI | B. Heidmann, F. Ringleb, K. Eylers, S. Levcenco, J. Bonse, S. Andree, J. Krüger, T. Unold, T. Boeck, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner, M. Schmid “Local growth of CuInSe2 micro cells for concentration application” Materials Today Energy 6, 238 (2017), pdf |
| DOI | S. Andree, B. Heidmann, F. Ringleb, K. Eylers, J. Bonse, T. Boeck, M. Schmid, J. Krüger “Production of precursors for micro-concentrator solar cells by femtosecond laser-induced forward transfer” Applied Physics A 123: 670 (2017), pdf |
| DOI | BD. Sancho-Martinez, M. Schmid “Thermal management approaches of Cu(Inx,Ga1−x)Se2 micro-solar cells” Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 50, 445501 (2017), pdf |
| DOI | G. Mangalgiri, P. Manley, W. Riedel and M. Schmid "Dielectric Nanorod Scattering and its Influence of Material Interfaces" Scientific Reports 7, 4311 (2017), pdf |
| DOI | W. Raja, M. Schmid, A. Toma, H. Wang, A. Alabastri, R. P. Zaccaria "Perovskite nanopillar array based tandem solar cell" ACS Photonics 4, 2025 (2017), pdf |
| DOI | M. Haggui, B. Reinhold, P. Andrae, D. Greiner, M. Schmid, P. Fumagalli “Local photocurrent mapping and cell performance behaviour on a nanometer scale for monolithically interconnected Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells” Journal of Microscopy 268, 66 (2017), pdf |
| DOI | Y. Liu, P. Plate, V. Hinrichs, T. Köhler, M. Song, P. Manley, M. Schmid, P. Bartsch, S. Fiechter, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner, C.-H. Fischer “Size- and density-controlled deposition of Ag nanoparticle films by a novel low-temperature spray chemical vapour deposition method – research into mechanism, particle growth and optical simulation” Journal of Nanoparticle Research 19, 141 (2017), pdf |
| DOI | M. Schmid “Review on light management by nanostructures in Chalcopyrite solar cells” Semiconductor Science and Technology (Invited Topical Review) 32, 043003 (2017), pdf |
| DOI | M. Schmid, G. Yin, M. Song, S. Duan, B. Heidmann, D. Sancho-Martinez, S. Kämmer, T. Köhler, P. Manley, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner “Concentrating light in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells“ Journal of Photonics for Energy 7, 018001 (2017), pdf |
| DOI | F. Ringleb, K. Eylers, Th. Teubner, H.-P. Schramm, C. Symietz, J. Bonse, S. Andree, B. Heidmann, M. Schmid, J. Krüger, T. Boeck “Growth and shape of indium islands on molybdenum at micro-roughened spots created by femtosecond laser pulses” Applied Surface Science 418, 548 (2017), pdf |
| DOI | G. Yin, M. W. Knight, M.-Claire van Lare, M. M. S. Garcia, A. Polman, and M. Schmid “Opto-electronic enhancement of ultrathin CIGSe solar cells by nanophotonic contacts“ Advanced Optical Materials, 5, 1600637 (2017), pdf |
| DOI | Y. Liu, F. Lang, T. Dittrich, A. Steigert, C.-H. Fischer, T. Köhler, P. Plate, J. Rappich, M. Ch. Lux-Steiner, M. Schmid “Enhancement of photocurrent in an ultra-thin perovskite solar cell by Ag nanoparticles deposited at low temperature” RSC Advances 7, 1206 (2017), pdf |
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2016
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G. Yin, M. Song, S. Duan, P. Manley, D. Greiner, C. A. Kaufmann, M. Schmid “Well-controlled dielectric nanomeshes by colloidal nanosphere lithography for opto-electronic enhancement of ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells” ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 8, 31646 (2016), pdf |
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| DOI | M. Schmid, P. Manley, M. Song, G. Yin “Nanoparticles for light management in ultra-thin chalcopyrite solar cells” Journal of Materials Research (Invited Feature Paper) 31, 3273 (2016), pdf |
| DOI | G. Yin, P. Manley, M. Schmid “Light absorption enhancement for ultra-thin Cu(In1-xGax)Se2 solar cells using closely packed 2-D SiO2 nanosphere arrays” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 153, 124 (2016), pdf |
| DOI | F. Ringleb, K. Eylers, Th. Teubner, T. Boeck, C. Symietz, J. Bonse, S. Andree, J. Krüger, B. Heidmann, M. Schmid, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner “Regularly arranged indium islands on glass/molybdenum substrates upon femtosecond laser and physical vapor deposition processing” Applied Physics Letters 108, 111904 (2016), pdf |
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2015
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G. Yin, A. Steigert, P. Manley, R. Klenk, M. Schmid “Enhanced absorption in tandem solar cells by applying hydrogenated In2O3 as electrode” Applied Physics Letters 107, 211901 (2015), pdf |
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| DOI | M.-C. van Lare, G. Yin, A. Polman, M. Schmid “Light coupling and trapping in ultra-thin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells using dielectric scattering patterns” ACS Nano 9, 9603 (2015), pdf |
| DOI | Y. Liu, Y. Fu, T. Dittrich, R. Saez-Araoz, M. Schmid, V. Hinrichs, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner, C.-H. Fischer “Phase transitions during formation of Ag nanoparticles on In2S3 precursor layers” Thin Solid Films 590, 54 (2015), pdf |
| DOI | G. Yin, A. Steigert, P. Andrä, M. Goebelt, M. Latzel, P. Manley, I. Lauermann, S. Christiansen, M. Schmid “Integration of plasmonic Ag nanoparticles as back reflector in ultra-thin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells” Applied Surface Science 355, 800 (2015), pdf |
| DOI | B. Reinhold, M. Schmid, D. Greiner, M. Schuele, D. Kieven, A. Ennaoui, M.C. Lux-Steiner “Monolithically interconnected lamellar Cu(In,Ga)Se2 micro solar cells under full white light concentration” Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Application 23, 1929 (2015), pdf |
| DOI | M. Schmid, P. Manley, “Nano- and microlenses as concepts for enhanced performance of solar cells” Journal of Photonics for Energy 5, 057003 (2015), pdf |
| DOI | G. Yin, V. Brackmann, V. Hoffmann, M. Schmid “Enhanced performance of ultra-thin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells deposited at low process temperature” Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells 132, 142 (2015), pdf |
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2014
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P. Manley, G. Yin, M. Schmid “A method for calculating the complex refractive index of inhomogeneous thin films” Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 47, 205301(2014), pdf |
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| DOI | G. Yin, P. Manley, M. Schmid “Influence of substrate and its temperature on the optical constants of CuIn1-xGaxSe2 thin films” Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 47, 135101 (2014), pdf |
| DOI | M. Schmid, P. Andrae, P. Manley “Plasmonic and photonic scattering and near fields of nanoparticles” Nanoscale Research Letters 9, 50 (2014), pdf |
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2013
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M. Schmid, J. Grandidier, H.A. Atwater “Scanning near-field optical microscopy on dense random assemblies of metal nanoparticles” Journal of Optics 15, 125001 (2013), pdf |
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| DOI | G. Yin, C. Merschjann, M. Schmid “The effect of surface roughness on the determination of optical constants of CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2 thin films” Journal of Applied Physics 113, 213510 (2013), pdf |
| DOI | M. Schmid, J. Klaer, R. Klenk, M. Topič, J. Krč “Stability of plasmonic metal nanoparticles integrated in the back contact of ultra-thin Cu(In,Ga)S2 solar cells” Thin Solid Films 527, 308 (2013), pdf |
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2009
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M. Schmid, J. Krč, R. Klenk, M. Topič, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner “Optical modeling of chalcopyrite-based tandems considering realistic layer properties” Applied Physics Letters 94, 053507 (2009), pdf |
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| DOI | M. Schmid, R. Klenk, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner “Quantitative analysis of cell transparency and its implication for the design of chalcopyrite-based tandems” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 93, 874 (2009). pdf |
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Conference proceedings
2018
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M. Schmid, B. Heidmann, F. Ringleb, K. Eylers, O. Ernst, S. Andree, J. Bonse, T. Boeck, J. Krüger “Locally grown Cu(In,Ga)Se2 micro islands for concentrator solar cells” Proceedings of SPIE, Physics, Simulation, and Photonic Engineering of Photovoltaic Devices VII 10527, 1052707 (2018), pdf |
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2017
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K. Eylers, F. Ringleb, B. Heidmann, S. Levncenco, T. Unold, H.W. Klemm, G. Peschel, A. Fuhrich, T. Teubner, T. Schmidt, M. Schmid, T. Boeck, "In-Ga precursor islands for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 micro-concentrator solar cells" Proceedings of the IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference, 3396, Washington DC (2017), pdf (author version) |
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| DOI | S. Andree, B. Heidmann, F. Ringleb, K. Eylers, J. Bonse, T. Boeck, M. Schmid, J. Krüger “Femtosecond laser pulses for photovoltaic bottom-up strategies” Scientific Reports der Hochschule Mittweida Nr. 2, 1-4 (2017), pdf (author version) |
| DOI | M. Schmid, E. Lotter, X. Lin, L. Wang, R. Klenk, K. Eylers, F. Ringleb, R. Boeck, B. Heidmann, G. Nenna, F. Loffredo, F. Villani, T. Köhler, D. Sancho-Martinez, T. Raadik, J. Krustok, M. Grossberg, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner “Micro concentrator concept for cost reduction and efficiency enhancement of thin-film chalcopyrite photovoltaics: results from EU joint research program CHEETAH” Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam (2017), pdf (author version) |
| DOI | G. Mangalgiri, M. Šiškins, A. Arslanova, M. Hammerschmidt, P. Manley, W. Riedel, M. Schmid “Highly transmittive broadband dielectric nanoholes” CLEO Science and Innovations JTu5A.117 OSA (2017) |
| DOI | M. Song, G. Yin, P. Fumagalli, M. Schmid “Local characterization of light trapping effects of metallic and dielectric nanoparticles in ultra-thin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells via scanning near-field optical microscopy” Proc. SPIE, Quantum Dots and Nanostructures: Growth, Characterization, and Modeling XIV 10114, 101140S (2017), pdf (author version) |
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2016
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M. Schmid, G. Yin, M. Song, S. Duan, B. Heidmann, D. Sancho-Martinez, S. Kämmer, T. Köhler, P. Manley, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner “Concentrating light in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells“ Proc. SPIE, Next Generation Technologies for Solar Energy Conversion VII 9937, 993703 (2016), pdf (author version) |
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| DOI | G.Mangalgiri, P.Manley, W.Riedel, M.Schmid “Optical investigations of nanorod-substrate interaction for light management” Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. JTh2A.15 OSA (2016) |
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2015
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M. Schmid, S. Tsakanikas, G. Mangalgiri, P. Andrae, M. Song, G. Yin, W. Riedel, P. Manley “Nano-optical concept design for light management” Proc. SPIE, Optical Design and Engineering VI 9626, 96260E (2015), pdf (author version) |
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| DOI | P. Manley, F. Schmidt, M. Schmid “An efficient method for calculating the absorption enhancement in solar cells with integrated plasmonic and photonic nanoparticles” 9th International Congress on Advanced Electromagnetic Materials in Microwaves and Optics - Metamaterials (2015), pdf (author version) |
| DOI | P. Andrae, M. Song, M. Haggui, P. Fumagalli, M. Schmid “Mapping near-field plasmonic interactions of silver particles with scanning near-field optical microscopy measurements” Proc. SPIE, Plasmonics: Metallic Nanostructures and Their Optical Properties XIII 9547, 95470E (2015), pdf (author version) |
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2014
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M. Schmid, P. Manley, “Enhancing solar cell efficiency by lenses on the nano- and microscale” Proc. SPIE, Next Generation Technologies for Solar Energy Conversion V 9178, 91780K (2014), pdf (author version) |
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| DOI | P. Andrae, P. Fumagalli, M. Schmid, “Comparative scanning near-field optical microscopy studies of plasmonic nanoparticle concepts”, Proc. SPIE, Optical Micro- and Nanometrology V 9132, 91320F (2014), pdf (author version) |
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2013
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P. Manley, F. Schmidt, M. Schmid “Light extraction from plasmonic particles with dielectric shells and overcoatings” Proceedings of 2013 OSA Congress Renewable Energy and the Environment, Optics Info Base, paper PW3B.7 (2013), pdf (author version) |
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| DOI | Y. Augarten, W. Sprenger, B. Pieters, R. Varache, O. Bakaeva, G. Janssen, Y. Guanchao, F. Friedrich, M. Schmid, M. Celino, J. Hüpkes “Modeling infrastructure along the value chain: from materials to system performance” Proceedings of the 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Session 5BV.4.32, 3949 Paris (2013) |
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2011
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S. Merdes, M. Schmid, J. Klaer, J. Krammer, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner “Cu(In,Ga)S2 based solar cells on In2O3:Mo coated substrates for multi-junction applications”, Proceedings of 26th EU PVSEC, Hamburg (2011), pdf (author version) |
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| M. Schmid, R. Klenk, M.Ch. Lux-Steiner, M. Topič, J. Krč “Mie theory and dipole calculations for modeling plasmonic scattering from nanoparticles for integration in thin-film optical devices”, Proceedings Workshop Nanostructures on surfaces and light scattering, Bremen (2011) | |
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Book chapter
| P. Manley, S. Burger, F. Schmidt, M. Schmid “Design principles for plasmonic nanoparticle devices” in “Progress in Nonlinear Nano-Optics”, Editor R. Grunwald, Springer (2015) | |
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Editorials
| J. Krč, M. Schmid, R. Santbergen “Editorial: Advanced opto-electrical modeling of photovoltaic materials and devices” Frontiers in Photonics 3, 977946 (2022) | |
| H. Mönig, M. Schmid “Renewable energy conversion using nano- and microstructured materials” Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 10, 771 (2019), DOI (journal version) | |
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