Teaching
Summer Term 2025
Internal Combustion Engines (PO19)/Piston Engines (PO24)
Lecture
S. Kaiser
Thursday
13:00–15:00
Room: MB 144
Start Lecture: 10.04.25
Rhythm: weekly
Info: Exercises with solution on Moodle.
Exercise
S. Kaiser/Coworker
Thursday
12:00–13:00
Room: MB 144
Start Exercise: 17.04.25
Rhythm: weekly
Info: Lecture will be held in German.
Internship
S. Kaiser/Coworker
In order for the Internal Combustion Engines exam (PO 19) to be recognized as the Piston Engines module (PO 24), you must also successfully complete the Piston Engines internship experiment.
Organization via the aforementioned Moodle course.
to the Moodle course (you will receive the password during the first session)
event content
Description:
This course introduces the fundamentals of piston engines, in particular internal combustion engines. It focuses on the thermochemical in-cylinder processes in engines.
1. Introduction, course organization. Application examples.
2. Performance metrics of engines
3. Fuels
4. Models and thermodynamic cycles
5. Gas exchange
6. Boosting
7. Spark ignition engines
8. Diesel engines
9. Emissions
Learning objectives:
The students understand the concepts of piston engines. They are able to explain the fundamentals of in-cylinder processes and the basic practical implementation. The students are able to perform basic calculations needed in first-order design analysis of engines. They understand the targets of the development of engines and their relevance
Thermal Power Machines, Part B (PO19)
Lecture
S. Kaiser
Thursday
9:00–11:00
Room: LB 107
Start Lecture: 10.04.25
Rhythm: weekly
Info: Lecture will be held in German.
Exercise
S. Kaiser/Coworker
Thursday
11:00–12:00
Room: LB 107
Start Exercise: 17.04.25
Rhythm: weekly
to the Moodle course (you will receive the password during the first session)
event content
Description:
This subject deals with fluid energy machines, also called heat engines. For (A) turbo machines and (B) piston machines, the working principle and area of application are taught. These machines applications of the fundamentals learned in engineering thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. Examples are energy converters in wind turbines and power plants (solar, geothermal, tidal, gas-and-steam), media delivery in process engineering, fuel cells, mechanical and thermal storage power plants (pumped storage power plants, Carnot battery), mobile propulsion, pressure and vacuum supply in hydraulics, pneumatics, and vacuum technology, the delivery of hydrogen and methane via pipelines, and water and waste water delivery.
Part A (turbo machinery, lecturer: Brillert): The one-dimensional theory of hydraulic and thermal machines is explained. The most important equation of fluid machines, Euler's turbine main equation, and the connection with the velocity triangles is treated. For the applications in the above-mentioned systems, the operating maps and the operating behavior are discussed.
Part B (piston machines, lecturer: Kaiser): The relevant basics of thermodynamics are summarized and applied to the basic types of machines: piston pump, piston compressor, and reciprocating engine. Real processes and corresponding simplified models are discussed, in particular in the pressure-volume diagram. The designs, characteristic diagrams, machine elements and machine dynamics are explained for different areas of application.
Learning objectives:
Students understand the thermodynamic and fluid mechanical processes in the machines and how they can be used and behave in systems. They are able to interpret the thermodynamic cycles for the machines and know the basics of the technical realization.
Piston compressors, pumps, and engines (PO24)
Lecture
S. Kaiser
Thursday
9:00–11:00
Room: LB 107
Start Lecture: 10.04.25
Rhythm: weekly
Info: Lecture will be held in German.
Exercise
S. Kaiser/Coworker
Thursday
11:00–12:00
Room: LB 107
Start Exercise: 17.04.25
Rhythm: weekly
Info:
Laser optical measurement methods in reactive systems
Lecture
T. Endres
Thuseday
14:00–16:00
Room: MB 468
Start Lecture: 08.04.25
Rhythm: weekly
Info: Lecture will be held in German.
Exercise
T. Endres/Coworker
Wednesday
16:00–17:00
Room: MB 468
Start Exercise: 15.04.25
Rhythm: weekly
to the Moodle course (you will receive the password during the first session)
event content
Description:
The lecture initially presents some basics on geometric optics and the microscopic treatment of atoms and molecules and their interaction with light, i.e., absorption and emission spectra. The latter means that – on a basic level of understanding – some fundamentals of quantum mechanics will be treated, that will lead to a better understanding of the laser diagnostic methods treated in later sections of the course. Furthermore, some basic knowledge on the physics and operation of various laser systems and detectors will be presented. Starting from there, the lecture provides an overview on various, mainly laser-based diagnostic methods for perturbation-free optical diagnostics in reactive systems aimed at the measurement of temperature. concentration and particle properties in the gas and (to a much smaller extend) liquid phase. The emphasis is on practical examples for the in-situ measurement of temperature, species (and particle) concentration, particle size and flow velocity in reactive flows. The lecture discusses the relevant signal generation processes in Rayleigh, Raman, Absorption, Laser-induced Fluorescence, Laser-induced Incandescence, and nonlinear optical diagnostics. Examples in practical applications of laser diagnostics in mixing and combustion processes are discussed.
Learning objectives:
The lecture „Laseroptische Messverfahren in reaktiven Systemen “in some parts relies on the contents of the lecture „Quantitative bildgebende Messtechniken in Strömungen“, held by Prof. Sebastian Kaiser. Relevant parts of this lecture are recapitulated here. Therefore, it is not particularly relevant if this other lecture has not been attended; however, it may a somewhat deeper understanding of some technical details presented here. Students will obtain some basic knowledge in geometric and wave optics. They will also understand the basics spectroscopic background and applications of modern laser-spectroscopic diagnostics for the spatially and temporally resolved, perturbation-free measurement in reactive flow processes. They also will learn about the variety of light sources, detectors and beam configurations necessary for performing for setting up suitable diagnostic experiments.
Selected problems of reactive fluids
Seminar
C. Schulz/S. Kaiser
Tuesday
14:00–15:00
Room: MB 242
Start Lecture: 08.04.25
Rhythm: weekly
Info: Lecture will be held in German or English.
event content
Description:
The event provides an overview of ongoing research in the field of energy and material processes within the context of theses and doctoral dissertations, and includes regular lectures by high-ranking guests.
Design and safety of gas phase processes
Lecture
H. Wiggers
Friday
9:00–11:00
Room: MB 244
Start Lecture: 07.04.25
Rhythm: weekly
Info: Lecture will be held in German or English.
Exercise
H. Wiggers/Coworker
Friday
11:00–12:00 am
Room: MB 244
Start Exercise: 28.04.25
Rhythm: weekly
to the Moodle course (you will receive the password during the first session)
event content
Description:
The module consists of a course with a lecture and a seminar. The course introduces the design of gas-phase processes, with a focus on gas-phase synthesis and gas-phase deposition. The process and safety-related design of gas-phase processes is explained using selected examples. The aim of the course is to develop a suitable plant design based on selected reactions and their process conditions (thermodynamics and kinetics of gas-phase reactions, mass flows, conversion, separation...) and to question it from a safety perspective. In doing so, established methods from chemical process engineering (creation of Piping & Instrumentation (P&I) diagrams, hazard analysis using HAZOP/PAAG) are used. The legal requirements (industrial safety regulations, risk assessments) as applied in both the university sector and in the construction and operation of industrial plants are presented.
Learning objectives:
After actively attending the lectures, students are able to design process engineering plants for gas phase processes, to present them using P&I diagrams and to examine them for hazards. They are able to carry out hazard analyses according to PAAG/HAZOP, to recognize hazards, to avoid risks by suitable solutions and to critically question them. They are informed about the legal requirements based on the Industrial Safety Regulation and have learned to apply these to practical examples.
Internship on reactive fluids and thermodynamics
Prof. Schulz and Prof. Atakan and Prof. Kaiser
By appointment
Contact:
Prof. Christof Schulz Prof. Burak Atakan Prof. Sebastian Kaiser
Description:
Students are assigned an individual research project based on the research currently being conducted in the departments, which they complete independently under the supervision of a scientist. Students work on the task, conduct research, describe the fundamentals, work, and results, and present their work for discussion in a seminar lecture.
Learning objectives:
Students learn how to work independently in modern research laboratories. They engage in literature research, learn how to write a research report, and present their research results.
Winter Term 2025/2026
Reactive Flows (in German)
Lecture
C. Schulz
Tuesday
16:00–17:30
Room: LB 107 (only in person)
Start Lecture: Tue., 14.10.25
Rhythm: weekly
Exercise
C. Schulz/M. Fikri
Tuesday
17:30–18:30
Room: LB 107 (only in person)
Start Lecture: Di., 28.10.25
Rhythm: weekly
Tutorial
C. Schulz/M. Fikri
Monday
9:00–11:00
Room: MB 2.42 (only in person)
Start: will be announced in the exercise
Rhythm: weekly
to the Moodle course (you will receive the password during the first session)
event content
Description:
Reactive flows play a major role in technical processes for energy generation and material synthesis and are used in numerous technical plants. A central element is the coupling of fluid dynamics, chemical reaction, and mass and heat transfer. Chemical thermodynamics and chemical kinetics are used to understand such processes. In addition, the interaction between reaction and flow in gas phase processes with high energy conversion is of great importance. High-temperature reactions require an understanding of radical reactions and reaction mechanisms.
1 Introduction
2 Results of chemical thermodynamics
3 Kinetics of homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions
4 General flame phenomena and combustion parameters
5 Theoretical description of reactive flows
6 Combustion waves in homogeneous, premixed gases
The lecture is accompanied by an exercise and a tutorial. Part of the exercise may include a practical experiment.
Learning objectives:
Students will be able to explain and evaluate the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of gas phase reactions at high temperatures. They will learn about typical relevant fields of application.
Reactive Flows
Lecture
C. Schulz
Tuesday
09:00–10:30
Room: LB 134 (only in person)
Start Lecture: Tue., 14.10.25
Rhythm: weekly
Exercise
M. Fikri
Tuesday
08:15–09:00
Room: LB 134 (only in person)
Start Exercise: 28.10.25
Rhythm: weekly
Tutorial
C. Schulz/M. Fikri
Monday
9:00–11:00
Room: MB 242 (only in person)
Start: will be announced during the exercise
Rhythm: weekly
to the Moodle course (you will receive the password during the first session)
event content
Description:
Reactive flows play a major role in technical processes for energy generation and material synthesis and are used in numerous technical plants. A central element is the coupling of fluid dynamics, chemical reaction and mass and heat transfer. The understanding of these processes strongly relies on chemical thermodynamics and chemical kinetics. The interaction between reaction and fluid flow is of special interest in reactive gas-phase processes with strong energy release. High temperature gas-phase reactions require the fundamental understanding of radical reactions and complex reaction schemes.
1 Introduction
2 Results of Chemical Thermodynamics
3 Kinetics of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Reactions
4 General flame phenomena and parameters of combustion technology
5 Theoretical description of reactive flows
6 Combustion waves in homogeneous premixed gases
Learning objectives:
The students learn to explain and critically review the thermodynamical and kinetics background of high-temperature gasphase reactions.
Selected problems of reactive fluids
Seminar
C. Schulz/S. Kaiser/T. Endres
Tuesday
14:00–15:00
Room: MB 242
Start Seminar: Tue. xx.xx.25
Rhythm: weekly
Info: External audience: if you are interested in attending the seminar, please send e-mail to the following address:
event content
The event provides an overview of ongoing research in the field of energy and material processes within the context of theses and doctoral dissertations, and includes regular lectures by high-ranking guests.
Nanoparticle Generation
Lecture
H. Wiggers
Monday
11:00–14:00
Room: BB 130
Start Lecture: 13.10.25
Rhythm: weekly
Exercise
H. Wiggers
Monday
12:30–13:30
Room: BB 130
Start Exercise: 20.10.25
Rhythm: weekly
to the Moodle course (you will receive the password during the first session)
event content
Description:
This lecture addresses a detailed description of the physico-chemical fundamentals of particle formation (nucleation, condensation, growth, Ostwald-ripening, sintering) and the common models. The background of different formation processes like wet synthesis (sol-gel techniques, precipitation), gas-phase synthesis (e.g. homogeneous and heterogeneous particle formation in the gas phase, spray pyrolysis) and physical techniques will be discussed.
Learning objectives:
The students learn to explain and critically review the models of nano particle formation and their chemical and physical fundamentals.
Quantitative Imaging in Flows
Lecture
S. Kaiser
Tuesday
12:00–14:00
Room: MB 143
Start Lecture: 14.10.25
Rhythm: weekly
Exercise
S. Kaiser/Coworker
Tuesday
10:30–11:30
Room: MB 143
Start Excercise: 14.10.25
Rhythm: weekly
Tutorial
S. Kaiser/Coworker
Info: After arrangement. Laboratories of the chair.
to the Moodle course (you will receive the password during the first session)
event content
Description:
This class discusses two-dimensional measurement techniques, which can be used to quantitatively and non-intrusively image physical and chemical properties in flows. For example, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) can image the fuel concentration in the cylinder of an automotive engine. Measurement techniques, hardware (for example, camera technology), and image processing are discussed. In the accompanying lab (listed separately), students will set up and evaluate a classic experiment of turbulent fluid dynamics: a 2D measurement of the instantaneous concentration in a turbulent free jet. The students document experiment and result in a lab report.
Syllabus:
Lecture and problem session:
1) Why use laser-based imaging in (reacting) flows?
Demonstration of a typical experiment in the lab.
2) Flow-imaging diagnostics: Method, applications, example.
3) Basic optics: Geometric optics, polarization, interference, filters.
4) Lasers: Physics, classes of lasers, laser components. LEDs.
5) Imaging: Resolution, lenses for imaging, aberrations.
6) Cameras and detectors: CCD, ICCD, CMOS, Photodiode, PMT. Sensor performance and noise.
7) Image processing: Photometric processing, filtering, statistical analysis
Laboratory (Fluorescence imaging in a turbulent jet):
Review literature
Set up experiment
Acquire, process, and evaluate data
Write report
Learning objectives:
The students understand the fundamentals and applications of quantitative imaging techniques for spatially resolved measurements in reacting flows, in particular the corresponding technologies like cameras and light sources. They are able to estimate basic parameters of imaging for typical applications.
Measuring Methods in Energy and Processing Technology
Lecture
J. Menser
Monday
13:00–14:30
Room: MB 143
Start Lecture: Mo., 13.10.25
Rhythm: weekly
Tutorial
J. Menser/Coworkers
Monday
15:00–15:45
Room: MB 143
Start Tutorial: Mo., 13.10.25
Rhythm: weekly
Exercise
J. Menser/Coworkers
Info: After arrangement. Laboratories of the chair.
to the Moodle course (you will receive the password during the first session)
event content
Description:
The lecture imparts fundamental and applied knowledge of measurement methods in energy and process engineering. It covers the physical principles of key measurement methods and shows how temperature, pressure, flow, and composition of material flows can be recorded in research and industrial operations. One focus is on the selection of suitable sensors and their use in ongoing plant operation. Short demonstration experiments in the lecture illustrate the measurement principles, which are then put into practice in the accompanying laboratory course. The aim is to develop an understanding of the capabilities and limitations of modern measurement technology and to apply it confidently in process engineering.
Contents:
Lecture:
- Physical fundamentals
- Charge, resistance, impedance
- Spectroscopy, light sources, detectors
- Interaction of light with matter
- Electrochemistry
- Surface effects
- Mass spectroscopy
- Measured variables
- Temperature
- Concentration
- Pressure, vacuum
- Flow rate, flow fields, fill level
- Particles, aerosols, dispersions
- Other topics
- Bus systems
- Proxy measurements and soft sensors
- AI, big data, and data management
Practical exercises (at least 1 experiment)
Flame test: Exhaust gas measurement technology and chemiluminescence
- Implementation
- Evaluation
- Report
- TBD
Learning objectives:
The students are able to recognize and evaluate the metrological problems and to derive a suitable measurement strategy and to interpret measurements.